As New Canaan's shoe business gathered momentum early in the 19th century, instead of a central village, regional settlements of clustered houses, mill, and school developed into distinct district centers. Until the Revolutionary War, New Canaan was primarily an agricultural community after the war, its major industry was shoemaking.

Because Canaan Parish was not planned as a town when it was first settled in 1731, when New Canaan was incorporated in 1801, it found itself without a central common, a main street, or a town hall. As inhabitants of Norwalk or Stamford, Canaan Parish settlers still had to vote, pay some taxes-no income tax, and many other modern taxes did not yet exist-serve on juries, and file deeds in their hometowns. The right to form a Congregational church was granted to the few families scattered through the area. In 1731, Connecticut's colonial legislature established Canaan Parish as a religious entity in northwestern Norwalk and northeastern Stamford. It is also known for its public school system, which in 2018 was ranked as the top public school system in Connecticut, and in 2008 the third-best in the country. Īdditionally, New Canaan is one of the wealthiest towns in the country, appearing in multiple rankings of the nation’s richest zip codes. Residents sing carols on God's Acre every Christmas Eve, a town tradition since 1916. New Canaan is known for its architecture and public parks such as Waveny Park, and a town center with boutiques. The town is bounded on the south by Darien, on west by Stamford, on the east by Wilton, on the southeast by Norwalk, and on the north by Lewisboro and Pound Ridge in Westchester County, New York. Ībout an hour from Manhattan by train, the town is considered part of Connecticut's Gold Coast. The population was 20,622 according to the 2020 census. New Canaan ( / ˈ k eɪ n ə n/) is a town in Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States.

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